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Fixed-Bed Column Adsorption Studies of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Using Carbonized and Surface-Modified Carbons from Nipa Palm Leaves

Received: 5 December 2023     Accepted: 22 December 2023     Published: 11 January 2024
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Abstract

Batch adsorption isotherm data do not always provide accurate scale-up facts for real systems. Consequently, it is necessary to carry out fixed-bed column adsorption studies, which provide essential design parameters that are necessary for column scale-up. Hence, the objective of this paper was to evaluate the fixed-bed column adsorption studies to remove synthetic organic chemicals (SOC) using carbonized and surface-modified carbons from nipa palm leaves. Carbonized and surface-modified carbons were produced by single-step pyrolysis after soaking the Nipa palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb) leaves biomass with H2O, H3PO4 and KOH respectively while using chemical oxygen demand (COD) as the index of measurement. The SOCs solutions of concentration 100 mg/L at pH 6.5 were fed into the column from the top in a reservoir at the downward gravity flow rate of 15 mL/min and the effluent collected at the bottom at 30 minutes interval for 4 hours, quantity of the prepared adsorbent was packed in the column to yield the desired bed height of 7.62 cm containing 12.3 g of carbon. The optimum performance (mg cm-3) of the carbons are 10.16 (PCC), 9.024 (AAC) and 12.442 (BAC) for DMABA; 12.95 (PCC), 10.51 (AAC) and 16.64 (BAC) for kerosene and 9.568 (PCC), 6.651 (AAC) and 13.903 (BAC) for n-propanol) respectively. The breakthrough curve was analyzed using the Adams–Bohart, Thomas, and bed depth service time (BDST) mathematical models. The behaviors of the breakthrough curves were defined by the Thomas model at different conditions. The BDST model showed good agreement with the experimental data, and the high values of correlation coefficients (R2 ≥ 0.9646) obtained indicate the validity of the bed depth service time model for the present column system.

Published in International Journal of Environmental Chemistry (Volume 8, Issue 1)
DOI 10.11648/j.ijec.20240801.11
Page(s) 1-11
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Synthetic Organic Chemicals, Adsorption, Fixed-Bed, Nipa Palm, Chemical Oxygen Demand

References
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  • APA Style

    Adowei, P. (2024). Fixed-Bed Column Adsorption Studies of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Using Carbonized and Surface-Modified Carbons from Nipa Palm Leaves. International Journal of Environmental Chemistry, 8(1), 1-11. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20240801.11

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    ACS Style

    Adowei, P. Fixed-Bed Column Adsorption Studies of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Using Carbonized and Surface-Modified Carbons from Nipa Palm Leaves. Int. J. Environ. Chem. 2024, 8(1), 1-11. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20240801.11

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    AMA Style

    Adowei P. Fixed-Bed Column Adsorption Studies of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Using Carbonized and Surface-Modified Carbons from Nipa Palm Leaves. Int J Environ Chem. 2024;8(1):1-11. doi: 10.11648/j.ijec.20240801.11

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  • @article{10.11648/j.ijec.20240801.11,
      author = {Pereware Adowei},
      title = {Fixed-Bed Column Adsorption Studies of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Using Carbonized and Surface-Modified Carbons from Nipa Palm Leaves},
      journal = {International Journal of Environmental Chemistry},
      volume = {8},
      number = {1},
      pages = {1-11},
      doi = {10.11648/j.ijec.20240801.11},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20240801.11},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.ijec.20240801.11},
      abstract = {Batch adsorption isotherm data do not always provide accurate scale-up facts for real systems. Consequently, it is necessary to carry out fixed-bed column adsorption studies, which provide essential design parameters that are necessary for column scale-up. Hence, the objective of this paper was to evaluate the fixed-bed column adsorption studies to remove synthetic organic chemicals (SOC) using carbonized and surface-modified carbons from nipa palm leaves. Carbonized and surface-modified carbons were produced by single-step pyrolysis after soaking the Nipa palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb) leaves biomass with H2O, H3PO4 and KOH respectively while using chemical oxygen demand (COD) as the index of measurement. The SOCs solutions of concentration 100 mg/L at pH 6.5 were fed into the column from the top in a reservoir at the downward gravity flow rate of 15 mL/min and the effluent collected at the bottom at 30 minutes interval for 4 hours, quantity of the prepared adsorbent was packed in the column to yield the desired bed height of 7.62 cm containing 12.3 g of carbon. The optimum performance (mg cm-3) of the carbons are 10.16 (PCC), 9.024 (AAC) and 12.442 (BAC) for DMABA; 12.95 (PCC), 10.51 (AAC) and 16.64 (BAC) for kerosene and 9.568 (PCC), 6.651 (AAC) and 13.903 (BAC) for n-propanol) respectively. The breakthrough curve was analyzed using the Adams–Bohart, Thomas, and bed depth service time (BDST) mathematical models. The behaviors of the breakthrough curves were defined by the Thomas model at different conditions. The BDST model showed good agreement with the experimental data, and the high values of correlation coefficients (R2 ≥ 0.9646) obtained indicate the validity of the bed depth service time model for the present column system.
    },
     year = {2024}
    }
    

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  • TY  - JOUR
    T1  - Fixed-Bed Column Adsorption Studies of Synthetic Organic Chemicals Using Carbonized and Surface-Modified Carbons from Nipa Palm Leaves
    AU  - Pereware Adowei
    Y1  - 2024/01/11
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    DO  - 10.11648/j.ijec.20240801.11
    T2  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
    JF  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
    JO  - International Journal of Environmental Chemistry
    SP  - 1
    EP  - 11
    PB  - Science Publishing Group
    SN  - 2640-1460
    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.ijec.20240801.11
    AB  - Batch adsorption isotherm data do not always provide accurate scale-up facts for real systems. Consequently, it is necessary to carry out fixed-bed column adsorption studies, which provide essential design parameters that are necessary for column scale-up. Hence, the objective of this paper was to evaluate the fixed-bed column adsorption studies to remove synthetic organic chemicals (SOC) using carbonized and surface-modified carbons from nipa palm leaves. Carbonized and surface-modified carbons were produced by single-step pyrolysis after soaking the Nipa palm (Nypa fruticans Wurmb) leaves biomass with H2O, H3PO4 and KOH respectively while using chemical oxygen demand (COD) as the index of measurement. The SOCs solutions of concentration 100 mg/L at pH 6.5 were fed into the column from the top in a reservoir at the downward gravity flow rate of 15 mL/min and the effluent collected at the bottom at 30 minutes interval for 4 hours, quantity of the prepared adsorbent was packed in the column to yield the desired bed height of 7.62 cm containing 12.3 g of carbon. The optimum performance (mg cm-3) of the carbons are 10.16 (PCC), 9.024 (AAC) and 12.442 (BAC) for DMABA; 12.95 (PCC), 10.51 (AAC) and 16.64 (BAC) for kerosene and 9.568 (PCC), 6.651 (AAC) and 13.903 (BAC) for n-propanol) respectively. The breakthrough curve was analyzed using the Adams–Bohart, Thomas, and bed depth service time (BDST) mathematical models. The behaviors of the breakthrough curves were defined by the Thomas model at different conditions. The BDST model showed good agreement with the experimental data, and the high values of correlation coefficients (R2 ≥ 0.9646) obtained indicate the validity of the bed depth service time model for the present column system.
    
    VL  - 8
    IS  - 1
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria

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